RRR: Correspondence/envoy
402
year: 1140
initiator: Alberic of Ostia, the papal legate
text: Nov. 30 – Dec. 2. Alberic of Ostia, the papal legate, reports on the disputes, involving Patriarch Ralph of Antioch and Patriarch William of Jerusalem, over status and the competence of the judicial process that led to Patriarch Ralph’s refusal to attend the Council of Antioch.
Nov. 30 – Dec. 2. Alberic of Ostia, the papal legate, reports on the disputes, involving Patriarch Ralph of Antioch and Patriarch William of Jerusalem, over status and the competence of the judicial process that led to Patriarch Ralph’s refusal to attend the Council of Antioch.
sources: Hiestand, PK, pp. 160-4, no. 46
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
465
year: 1146
initiator: Abbot of Saint Mary of the Valley of Jehoshaphat
recipient: Pope Eugenius III
institution: Saint Mary of the Valley of Jehoshaphat
additional institution: Church of Nazareth
text: Early in the year. The abbot of St Mary of theValley of Jehoshaphat appeals to Pope Eugenius III, who has been sent copies of the relevant deeds, for redress in a dispute between his abbey and the church of Nazareth. He records how Bernhardus primus Nazarenus episcopus gave the abbey, for the needs of the poor, the church of Ligio with parochial rights and tithes, together with the tithes of the casale of Thanys. In the time of Bernardus and in that of successor Wilelmus, who was afterwards raised to be archbishop, the abbey enjoyed its rights, but the new archbishop [Robertus] challenged them. The abbey’s rights were confirmed by Pope Innocent II, in return for an annual payment to the papacy of 1 uncia of gold. When the archbishop’s agents resorted to force, the abbey appealed to Patriarch William, who reproved the archbishop, but as soon as the death of Pope Innocent II was known the persecution of the monks began again. The archbishop placed a chaplain [capellanus] in the church [of Ligio] to say Mass for the soul of Willehelmus de Buris and to exercise parochial rights, forbidding the monks make use of them. His agents disrupted the Mass being said by a monk. The monks appealed several times to Patriarch William and when they raised the issue at a synod held at Nazareth [in celebri conventu apud Nazaret] they were told that their papal privilege had lapsed with Pope Innocent’s death. William, moreover, refused to hear their case unless they would give him a marcha of gold and half the tithes. In the end the monks were forced into an agreement, recorded in a [lost charter] witnessed by Patriarch William and others, in which they promised the archbishop of Nazareth an annual rent of a marcha of gold, a rotula of wax and incense, payable on the Feast of the Annunciation, and granted him the right to enjoy procuration with his household on one day a year. The monks recognize that in this they have infringed papal prerogative. (Hiestand, PK, pp. 183-7, no. 60) (RRH no. 239).
Early in the year. The abbot of St Mary of theValley of Jehoshaphat appeals to Pope Eugenius III, who has been sent copies of the relevant deeds, for redress in a dispute between his abbey and the church of Nazareth. He records how Bernhardus primus Nazarenus episcopus gave the abbey, for the needs... more
sources: Hiestand, PK, pp. 183-7, no. 60 (RRH no. 239)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
875
year: 1171
initiator: Brothers of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
recipient: Pope Alexander III
institution: Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
text: Sept/Oct. [127] Jerusalem. The Hospital of St John. The brothers of the [central] convent of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem report to Pope Alexander III on the dissension that has arisen in their Order. Magister Gibertus, against the advice of King Amalric, who stressed the dangers facing the Holy Land, resigned his office in order to lead a solitary life. On the journey from his house he was intercepted by the preceptor and the procurator infirmorum, together with [….] and many other brothers carrying letters from the marescalcus and the convent, forbidding him to take this step before consulting the pope and the Order’s chapter. Girbertus ignored them, entered a cave to follow the religious life and, placing the insignia of the magisterium [belt, seal and purse] on the altar of the cave, absolved the brothers from all their obligations to him. The preceptor, having taken advice from the procurator infirmorum, the castellanus Gibilini, the castellanus Bellimontis and many brothers, sought the assistance of the patriarch of Jerusalem, the bishop of Bethlehem, the bishop of Lydda, the abbot of Mt Sion and the abbot of St Mary of the Valley of Jehoshaphat. The prelates tried to persuade Gibertus to reconsider and, when he refused, the patriarch, with the advice of the bishop of Bethlehem, the bishop of Lydda, the preceptor Hospitalis, the procurator informorum, the castellanus Gibelini, the castellanus Bellimontis and 30 or more of the brothers, formally ordered him on the pope’s behalf to resume his post, threatening him with excommunication and stressing that he could not resign without papal authority. Submitting to these arguments, Gibertus returned to his house, to which the patriarch came, together with the bishops of Bethlehem and Lydda and others. He was reinvested with the belt, seal and purse in the presence of the aforesaid lords by the preceptor, the procurator infirmorum and some other brothers. The brothers then summoned Gibertus to a chapter in the palatium. The patriarch forbade the magister on the pope’s behalf and with the threat of excommunication, to lay down the magisterium without papal consent or to try to subject himself to another religious order. At the same time the patriarch forbade the brothers and the convent to presume to elect another before they had received a mandate from the pope. The patriarch and the preceptor, together with the brothers who supported him, appealed formally to the pope. Most of the brothers were now opposed to the resumption of the magisterium by Gibertus, who, joined by the archdeacon of Jerusalem and the procurator infirmorum of the Hospital, asked in vain for the appeal to Rome and the threat of excommunication to be rescinded. When Gibertus had retaken his place in chapter the brothers unanimously exhorted him to keep the magisterium, but they added that he should agree to reform. He should not accept castles [castella] or fortifications on the frontiers with the Turci. He should not weigh down the Order with superfluous and useless expenses. He should not enter into any major business without the knowledge of chapter. His response was to admit his extravagance, but to renounce the magisterium again. Although Frater Pontius Blauus, together with the brothers who supported him, forbade him to lay down the magisterium without the pope’s agreement, Gibertus called on the brothers to elect another magister. He withdrew, taking 12 electors with him. Pontius Blauus repeated his prohibition, but the electors returned with Gibertus to the chapter and asked all the brothers to consent to the man [Castus] they had elected. The greater part of the chapter agreed, but Pontius Blauus was silent. Gibertus announced in the presence of the sick patients [in the hospital] that he had resigned the magisterium and retired to the cave. Four months later great dissension arose among the brothers, most of whom were ignorant of the contents of the letters written by the preceptor, together with the prior clericorum, the marescalcus, the prior Apulie [Apulia], the prior Messane [Messina], frater [Pio]tus and other brothers to the pope. Certain of the brothers said that until they had some command from the pope on this matter they did not want to obey any magister electus, since the election had been made in contempt of the Roman Church and against the appeal and prohibition. Others asserted that the election ought to be considered valid because the magister had voluntarily given up his office and the election had been made in his presence and with his advice. Meanwhile Pontius Blauus, who had been preceptor when the controversy arose, together with the [new] preceptor and other brothers, went to King Amalric and in his presence renewed the formal appeal and placed himself and his companions under papal protection, because Gibertus had resigned the magisterium after the appeal and prohibition and because they had elected him magister in spite of these. The preceptor questioned the action of Pontius Blauus on the grounds that it was against the usages of the Hospital, particularly as he had been promised justice, but Pontius claimed to be now under a superior jurisdiction. Preceptor O. deprived Pontius and his companion frater P. of their horses and armour [arnesium], because, not knowing their plans, he did not want to endanger the Order’s property. On behalf of the Hospital he forbade Pontius to travel to the pope. After this, Gibertus, having heard of the dissension, returned from his cave, suggesting that he take back the magisterium and at the same time travel to Italy to appeal directly to the pope. He had the support of some milites fratres, but this led to a debate in chapter on whether he and his companions should be prevented from leaving, according to the Order’s consuetudines. King Amalric, saddened by the dissension and appealed to by the patriarch on behalf of both factions, met the patriarch, the bishops of Lydda and Hebron, the abbot of Mt Sion, the prior of the Holy Sepulchre, the barones and many probi homines, clerical and lay, the preceptor Templi, the preceptor Hospitalis, the brothers of both factions and the citizens of Jerusalem in the chapter of the Holy Sepulchre. It was agreed that the whole truth of the matter be revealed to the pope so that he might settle the case. Witnesses: Dominus Almaricus patriarcha Ierosolimitanus; Dominus Amalrichus Iherosolimorum rex; Dominus Radulfus episcopus Bethleem; Dominus Bernardus episcopus Liddensis; Dominus Reinaldus episcopus Ebronensis; Dominus Reinaldus abbas Montis [Sion]; Dominus Petrus abbas Vallis Iosaphat; Dominus Petrus prior Dominici Sepvlcri. [128]
Sept/Oct. [127] Jerusalem. The Hospital of St John. The brothers of the [central] convent of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem report to Pope Alexander III on the dissension that has arisen in their Order. Magister Gibertus, against the advice of King Amalric, who stressed the dangers facing the... more
sources: Hiestand, PTJ 2:222-7, no. 19 (RRH no. 480)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1445
year: 1199
initiator: Pope Innocent III
recipient: Magister and brothers of the Knights Templar
institution: Templars
text: Jun. 11. Pope Innocent III writes to the magister and brothers of the Knights Templar, intervening in a dispute between them and the canons of St Quentin in the diocese of Artois.
Jun. 11. Pope Innocent III writes to the magister and brothers of the Knights Templar, intervening in a dispute between them and the canons of St Quentin in the diocese of Artois.
sources: Innocent III, Die Register 2:182-4, no. 87
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1534
year: 1204
initiator: King Leon I of Cilician Armenia
recipient: Pope Innocent III
institution: Templars
text: Sept.- Oct. Leon, per Dei et R. imperatoris gratiam rex Armeniorum, complains to Pope Innocent III about Cardinal Peter of St Marcellus. With the catholicos, his barones and many noble crusaders [peregrini], Leon had received the cardinal, who had come as papal legate to bring peace between his nephew and the count of Tripoli, the usurper of the principality of Antioch. After the catholicos had repeated his promises as a primate with respect to the Holy See, the discussion turned, in the absence of Cardinal Soffred who was in Acre, to the dispute over Antioch. Leon appealed to Cardinal Peter as legate, citing as witnesses the patriarch of Antioch, the Hospitallers of St John, the Knights Templar and the religious of Nigra Montana. But he discovered that Cardinal Peter had made a private arrangement with the count of Tripoli, the Templars and the citizens of Antioch. Leon went to Antioch to treat for peace, but the count of Tripoli failed to attend the meeting. Before the cardinal’s arrival, Leon and his forces had entered Antioch by force on the eve of the start of Advent, but the patriarch of Antioch intervened and the Templars, who were alllied to the count of Tripoli and the sultan of Aleppo, raising their vexillum Balzanum, had fortified the city towers and had attacked the Armenian forces in and outside the city. Leon had responded by confiscating all Templar possessions in his kingdom. Cardinal Peter ordered him to restore the Templar properties, but Leon demanded the Templars withdraw their opposition to his nephew. Without the agreement of Cardinal Soffred, Peter then summoned a council and imposed an interdict on Cilician Armenia. The catholicos J. and his suffragans refused to enforce this, on the grounds that the catholicos had not been involved, and appealed to the Holy See. At the demand of the cardinals, King Aimery of Jerusalem and Cyprus and all the noble crusaders [peregrini], Leon sent his relation Constantius de Camardesio to Acre in September to negotiate peace with the Templars. Leon asks Pope Innocent to order the Templars to cease their hostility. The Hospitallers and other religious are not hostile.
Sept.- Oct. Leon, per Dei et R. imperatoris gratiam rex Armeniorum, complains to Pope Innocent III about Cardinal Peter of St Marcellus. With the catholicos, his barones and many noble crusaders [peregrini], Leon had received the cardinal, who had come as papal legate to bring peace between his... more
sources: Innocent III, Die Register 8:211-17, no. 120 (RRH no. 795)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1535
year: 1204
initiator: Johannes, the catholicos of the Armenians
recipient: Pope Innocent III
institution: Templars
text: Sept. - Oct. Joh[ann]es, the catholicos of the Armenians, writes to Pope Innocent III. After professing his readiness to abide by all his obligations as primate, Joannes complains about Cardinal Peter, who is allied to the Knights Templar in the dispute over the succession to Antioch and at a council he held in Antioch imposed an interdict on Cilician Armenia, without the agreement of the catholicos. Joannes reports that at the intervention of Cardinal Soffred a meeting was arranged in Acre in September to settle the dispute between King Leon and the Templars, whose behaviour has been pernicious.
Sept. - Oct. Joh[ann]es, the catholicos of the Armenians, writes to Pope Innocent III. After professing his readiness to abide by all his obligations as primate, Joannes complains about Cardinal Peter, who is allied to the Knights Templar in the dispute over the succession to Antioch and at a... more
sources: Innocent III, Die Register 8:217-20, no. 121 (RRH no. 795)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1536
year: 1204
initiator: King Leon I of Cilician Armenia
recipient: Pope Innocent III
text: Oct.- Nov. Leon, per Dei et Romani imperii gratiam rex Armeniorum, complains to Pope Innocent III about Cardinal Peter of St Marcellus the papal legate and his treatment of his dispute with the count of Tripoli. He has already described Peter as being openly his adversary. Peter has forbidden him to fight, in spite of the fact that the citizens of Antioch and the Templars are in alliance with the pagani to burn his tuguria of Gastum, and the count has seized Antioch against the orders of Cardinal Soffred. A meeting between King Aimery of Jerusalem, the comitissa Flandriae, the magistri of the Knights Templar and the Hospitallers of St John and the noble peregrini decided to proceed against any party that refused to be subject to the judgement of the cardinals. The dominus Cremonen. was sent to transmit this decision to the parties. Leon had delegated C. de Camardesio, his relative, to convey Leon’s agreement. The count of Tripoli did not arrive on the appointed day, did not excuse himself and refused to abide by the judgement, but Cardinal Peter, refusing to listen to Cardianal Soffred’s advice, did not give Leon justice. Leon, therefore, asks for new judge delegates, referring to the patriarch of Antioch, Cardinal Soffred, King Aimery of Jerusalem and the magister of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem.
Oct.- Nov. Leon, per Dei et Romani imperii gratiam rex Armeniorum, complains to Pope Innocent III about Cardinal Peter of St Marcellus the papal legate and his treatment of his dispute with the count of Tripoli. He has already described Peter as being openly his adversary. Peter has forbidden him... more
sources: Maleczek, Petrus, pp. 302-5 (RRH no. 798)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1545
year: 1205
initiator: Pope Innocent III
recipient: King Leon I of Cilician Armenia
text: c. Mar. 5. Rome. St Peter’s. Pope Innocent III writes to King Leon of Cilician Armenia, who has appealed for justice in the dispute over Antioch. He informs him that he has appointed the abbates of Lucedio and Mt Tabor and the nobles, comes Bertold and G. de Furiniuall, as arbitrators, with instructions to prevent the king of Jerusalem, the Hospitallers of St John and Knights Templar taking sides in the dispute.
c. Mar. 5. Rome. St Peter’s. Pope Innocent III writes to King Leon of Cilician Armenia, who has appealed for justice in the dispute over Antioch. He informs him that he has appointed the abbates of Lucedio and Mt Tabor and the nobles, comes Bertold and G. de Furiniuall, as arbitrators, with... more
sources: Innocent III, Die Register 8:6-7, no. 2 (RRH no. 802)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1612
year: 1209
initiator: Pope Innocent III
recipient: Patriarch of Jerusalem, the papal legate
institution: Templars
additional institution: Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
text: Mar. 5. Lateran. Pope Innocent III writes to the patriarch of Jerusalem, the papal legate. He approves the election by the canons of the church of Antioch and the translation to the patriarchate of Antioch of the bishop of Ivrea that resulted from the patriarch of Jerusalem’s mediation. He wishes the patriarch of Jerusalem to confer on the new patriarch the insignia of his office as soon as possible and he expects the two patriarchs to work together in the interests of the Holy Land. Turning to the conflict between the king of Armenia, the Knights Templar and the count of Tripoli, he orders the patriarch of Jerusalem to work for reconciliation and to insist on the observance of truces, given the danger to the Holy Land, while persuading the king to restore the Templar properties. With the ending of the dispute between Duke Philip of Swabia and Otto [of Brunswick], who has gained the [western] empire, he hopes assistance will come. Meanwhile he is sending a large sum of money, to be spent on the needs of the Holy Land by the patriarch, the Knights Templar and the Hospitallers of St John.
Mar. 5. Lateran. Pope Innocent III writes to the patriarch of Jerusalem, the papal legate. He approves the election by the canons of the church of Antioch and the translation to the patriarchate of Antioch of the bishop of Ivrea that resulted from the patriarch of Jerusalem’s mediation. He wishes... more
sources: Innocent III, Die Register 12:17-19, no. 8 (RRH no. 837)
RRR: Correspondence/envoy
1626
year: 1210
initiator: Pope Innocent III
recipient: Bishop of Cremona
text: Aug. c. 19. Lateran. Appealed to for justice by the emissaries of King Leon of Cilician Armenia, the abbas Sancte Maria Triumarcuum, Arciuardus miles and Bouo latinus cancellarius, Pope Innocent III orders the bishop of Cremona [episcopus Cremonensis] to travel to the East and to find 2 suitable men to hear the case and put an end to the dispute between the king, his nephew R. and the count of Tripoli, compelling the parties by armed as well as ecclesiastical sanctions if necessary. If the bishop cannot find any suitable judge delegates, he should recruit the patriarch of Jerusalem, who is papal legate, and the patriarch of Antioch.
Aug. c. 19. Lateran. Appealed to for justice by the emissaries of King Leon of Cilician Armenia, the abbas Sancte Maria Triumarcuum, Arciuardus miles and Bouo latinus cancellarius, Pope Innocent III orders the bishop of Cremona [episcopus Cremonensis] to travel to the East and to find 2 suitable... more
sources: Innocent III, Die Register 13:199-201, no. 121 (RRH no. 842)